1. 一般名詞 s
apple-apples, book-books
2. 以s,x,ch,sh結尾 es
class-classes, fox-foxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
注:部分以o結尾 es(黑人英雄愛吃芒果土豆西紅柿)
negro-negroes, hero-heroes, mango-mangoes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
但是radio-radios, photo-photos
3. 以f或fe結尾的,去掉f或fe ves
shelf-shelves, wife-wives
常見以f或fe結尾,變複數要去掉f或fe的單詞
妻子(1)拿刀(2)去宰狼(3),
小偷(4)見了心發慌,
躲在架(5)下保自(6)命(7),
半(8)條(9)樹葉(10)遮目光。
1 wife, 2 knife, 3 wolf, 4 thief, 5 shelf, 6 self, 7 life, 8 half, 9 loaf, 10 leaf
4. 輔音 y結尾,去掉y ies
baby-babies,city-cities,family-families
注:元音 y結尾,直接 s。boy-boys
5. 特殊變化:
A:改a為e型
Frenchman-Frenchmen, man-men, woman-women
B:改oo為ee型
foot-feet, tooth-teeth
C:在詞尾 ren
child-children
D:其他特殊變化
mouse-mice
E:單複數相同
sheep, deer, police, Chinese, Japanese
F:有些名詞隻用于複數形式
trousers, socks, shoes, gloves, glasses
G:“某國人”的單複數變化
中日不變,英法變,其餘後面s填
Chinese和Japanese單複數相同
Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-Frenchmen
German-Germans, American-Americans, Australian-Australians
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