立冬是傳統二十四節氣中的第十九個節氣，也是冬天六個節氣中的第一個，一般始于11月7-8日之間，即太陽位于黃經225°，11月22号左右結束。

There are 24 solar terms in a year according to the traditional Chinese calendars. The Lidong is the 19th solar term. It is also the first one of the six winter solar terms. It begins on the day when the sun is exactly at the celestial longitude (黃經) of 225° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 240°. In the Gregorian calendar (公曆，陽曆), it usually begins around November 7 and ends around November 22.

那麼，"立冬"用英語怎麼表達呢？我們先看一下“立冬”的含義吧。

立，建始也，表示冬季自此開始。冬是"終了"的意思，有農作物收割後要收藏起來的含意。

Li means “the beginning,” and Dong means "the end, the collection of everything.”

Lidong signifies the beginning of winter in Chinese culture. 中國文化中，立冬象征着冬天的開始。

Therefore, Lidong can be translated as "Start of Winter" in English. 立冬的英語可以簡單地表達為 "Start of Winter."

立冬之三侯 (three pentads)

水始冰，地始凍，雉入大水為蜃。

• Water begins to freeze
• The earth begins to harden
• Pheasants enter the water for clams

After the start of winter, the hours of daylight time continue to decrease. 立冬過後，日照時間繼續縮短。

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詞彙學習

1. solar term [ˈsəʊlə(r) tɜːmz] 節氣
2. celestial [səˈlestiəl] longitude [ˈlɒŋɡɪtjuːd] 黃經
3. Gregorian [ɡrɪˌɡɔːriən] calendar 公曆，陽曆
4. pheasant [ˈfɛznts] 山雞，野雞
5. clam [klæm] n. 蛤，蛤蜊

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