先簡單介紹下兩個常見句型，方便我們理解本文列出的幾個表格。

常見句型一：“主謂賓結構”，即由“主語 及物動詞 賓語”構成。

例句：He ate an apple.

He（主語） ate（謂語） an apple(賓語).

常見句型二：“主系表結構”，即由“主語 系動詞 表語”構成。

系動詞：最常用的系動詞是"be"(am,is,are)，另外還有look,get,become等。

例句：It is a cat.

It(主語) is（系動詞） a cat（表語）.

一： 人稱代詞主格（在句子中作主語。）第一人稱單數： I am a student.

第一人稱複數：We are students.

第二人稱單數： You are a student.

第二人稱複數：You are students.

第三人稱單數： He is a student.

She is a student.

(It is a cat .)

第三人稱複數： They are students.

(They are cats.)

二： 人稱代詞賓格(在句中作謂語動詞或介詞賓語。)

（1）作謂語動詞賓語

第一人稱單數：Tom often helps me.

第一人稱複數：Tom often helps us.

第二人稱單數：Tom often helps you .

第二人稱複數：Tom often helps you.

第三人稱單數：Tom often helps him.

Tom often helps her.

Tom often helps it.

第三人稱複數：Tom often helps them.

（2）作介詞賓語

第一人稱單數：This apple is for me.

第一人稱複數：These apples are for us.

第二人稱單數：This apple is for you.

第二人稱複數：These apples are for you.

第三人稱單數：This apple is for him.

This apple is for her.

This apple is for it.

第三人稱複數：These apples are for them.

三： 形容詞性物主代詞（做定語）

第一人稱單數：These are my pens.

第一人稱複數：These are our pens.

第二人稱單數：These are your pens.

第二人稱複數：These are your pens.

第三人稱單數：These are his pens.

These are their pens.

These are her pens.

These are its food.

第三人稱複數：These are their food.

表格四： 名詞性物主代詞（可以作主語也可以作表語）

（1）作表語

第一人稱單數：This apple is mine.

第一人稱複數：These apples are ours.

第二人稱單數：This apple is yours.

第二人稱複數：These apples are yours.

第三人稱單數：This apple is his.

This apple is hers.

This apple is its.

第三人稱複數：These apples are theirs.

（2）作主語

Tom's apple is green. ____ is (are) red.

第一人稱單數：Mine is red.

第二人稱複數：Ours are red.

第二人稱單數：Yours is red.

第二人稱複數：Yours are red.

第三人稱單數：His is red.

Hers is red.

Its is red.

第三人稱複數：Theirs are red.

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