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convince和persuade區别

圖文 更新时间:2024-07-24 16:16:28

三個方面:

第一:單詞含義;第二:結構與搭配;第三:人或物作主語。

第一:含義,牛津高階是這樣講的:

convince和persuade區别(persuade與convince的差異處)1

《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》第六版persuade詞條

詞語辨析persuade/convince

persuade的主要意思為說服、勸說:

I tried to persuade her to see a doctor. 我極力勸她去看醫生。

convince的主要意思為使确信、信服:

He convinced me he was right. 他使我相信他是正确的。

不過,上述兩詞兩種含義都用的情況相當普遍,尤其是convince常作同義詞替代persuadeI persuaded/convinced her to see a doctor. 我勸她去看醫生。

有些說英國英語的人認為此用法不正确。

l那麼,這裡建議:考“雅思,托福等級别”的學生使用更規範些的用法為好,更為保險,特别是在聽力、作文當中。


第二:結構與搭配;

相同的結構與搭配:

persuade或convince sb to do sth說服/勸服某人做某事

persuade或convince sb of sth,persuade或convince sb that…使信服/使相信

sb be persuade of sth,sb be persuade that 相當于

sb be convinced of sth,sb be convince that 都是“信服/相信”的含義。

不同的結構與搭配:

有persuade sb into (doing) sth,

persuade sb out of (doing) sth以及

persuade sb to sth結構

但沒有convince sb into/out of (doing) sth,

也沒有convince sb to sth結構。


第三:人或物作主語:

convince人或物作主語均可;

persuade常見的是人做其主語,也可見到物做其主語的情形。

convince和persuade區别(persuade與convince的差異處)2

——這是與趙振才先生在其大作《英語常見問題解答大詞典》(增訂版)第318convince/persuade詞條所說的内容不符:

原文如下:

大量的實例表明,persuade的主語總是表人的詞語,而convince的主語既可以是表人的詞語,也可以是表物的詞語。

persuade物作主語的實例:

《現代英語用法詞典》(修訂版)第1215頁relax詞條

Better times ahead may persuade the Chancellor to relax his hold on the economy.

persuade sb to do

《COBUILD英漢雙解詞典》第1438頁persuade詞條

persuade說服;勸服;驅迫

…as the threat of unemployment persuades workers to moderate their pay demands.

…因為工人們害怕失業而降低了在工資方面的要求。

《劍橋高階英漢雙解詞典》第1626頁persuade詞條

persuade勸服;說服

If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will persuade her.

如果她不想去,你說什麼也勸不動她。



下面是一些例句,便于理解,收納于此。

《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》第六版第頁persuade詞條

persuade sb (into sth/into doing sth)勸說;說服

Try to persuade him to come. 盡量勸他來。

Please try and persuade her. 請盡力說服她。

She’s always easily persuaded. 她向來禁不住勸。

I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.

我擱不住人家的勸說,就參加了比賽。

I’m sure he’ll come with a bit of persuading. 我相信,勸一勸他就會來的。

persuade使信服;使相信(相當于convince

It will be difficult to persuade them that there’s no other choice.

很難讓他們相信别無選擇。

She had persuaded herself that life was not worth living. 她自認為人生沒有價值。

No one was persuaded by his arguments. 沒人相信他的論點。

I am still not fully persuaded of the plan’s merits. 我還不能完全信服這個計劃的優點。

《COBUILD英漢雙解詞典》第1438頁persuade詞條

persuaded被說服的;信服的

She gradually became persuaded that market research was a community service.

她逐漸相信市場研究是一項社區公益服務。

Few of them are persuaded of the benefits of the village shop.

他們當中很少人相信鄉村商店的好處。

persuasive有說服力的;令人信服的

a very persuasive argument一個很有說服力的論點

He was eloquent and persuasive. 他能言善辯,很有說服力。

《COBUILD英漢雙解詞典》第411頁convince詞條

convince使相信

It took me a day or two to convince her that I wasn’t going to harm her.

我用了一、兩天的時間才使她相信我不會傷害她。

convince: they persuade you to do something說服(某人做某事)

Powerful advertising can convince people to buy almost anything.

有影響力的廣告可說服人們買下任何東西。

convinced确信的;信服的

She was convinced that her mother had been innocent.

她确信她母親是無罪的。

Brody was convinced he was right. 布羅迪堅信自己是正确的。

convince和persuade區别(persuade與convince的差異處)3

《英語常用詞疑難用法手冊》第205頁convince和persuade詞條

convince與persuade在意義上的區别原來比較明确。

convince是說服某人相信某一說法符合事實或某一主張是正确的;persuade則是說服某人去采取行動。所以在搭配上分别是convince sb that…, convince sb of sth; persuade sb to do…但是在現代英語中,這個釋義上與搭配上的界限已經模糊,兩者已經可以互用:

convince sb to do; persuade sb that…, persuade sb of sth的搭配也已經普通使用,be persuaded that或be persuaded of sth也可以代替be convinced that或be convinced of sth表示“确信”的狀态。

convince是表示經過一段過程後動作完成,達到了目的。如果隻是在進行了說服工作,對方還沒有聽從,就不能直接使用,但是可以加以“過程化”,說try to convince。

Before you try to convince anyone else, be sure you are convinced, and if you cannot convince yourself, drop the subject. 你在設法說服如何别人之前,先要弄清楚你自己已經是信服了的,如果你連自己也說不服,那你就打消這個話題吧。(這裡try to convince不能改為convince,因為說的是開口去說服别人,還談不上别人聽不聽,cannot convince中的convince指的才是達到說服目的)

至于persuade,有人主張它隻是表示“努力說服”的過程,不包括“說服了”的結果,但是也有人認為persuade同convince一樣,也可以指經過過程之後達到終點的瞬時動作。

convinced不一定是被他人說服(甚至可以根本沒有任何人來試圖說服),而是自己由于某一原因而确信。如果是“被他人說服”,to be convinced是一種瞬時變化(從“不信”到“信”)。如果是“自己确信”,那就是一種延續狀态。

瞬時變化不用一般現在時(錯:They convince me that…),一般過去時通常也是表示過去的延續狀态,較少表示過去發生的瞬時被動變化。

《文馨當代英漢詞典》第1364頁persuade詞條

Tom tried to persuade me to his way of thinking. (文)湯姆試圖勸我依從他的想法。

Can you persuade her into/out of wearing that dress? (文)你能勸她穿/不穿那件衣服嗎?

be persuaded确信

I was persuaded of her innocence (that she was innocent). 我确信她是無辜的。

persuade oneself 讓自己相信

I persuade myself of his sincerity. 我确信他真誠。

He could not persuade himself that the moment would ever come.

他無法讓自己相信那個時刻将會來到。

persuade指以強有力的勸誘、辯論、忠告等,訴諸對方的理性或感情,使采取某種行動,或接受某種想法:We persuaded him to consult a doctor.

《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》第四版增補本第1097頁persuade詞條

persuade sb (into/out of) sth說服或勸說某人做某事


2017年9月29日

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