Word of the Day：June 18, 2021

calumny

誣蔑；诽謗（的行為）

noun KAL-um-nee

Definition

1：a misrepresentation intended to harm another's reputation

故意損害他人名譽的虛假言辭

2：the act of uttering false charges or misrepresentations maliciously calculated to harm another's reputation

誣告行為，惡意誣告或歪曲事實以損害他人名譽的行為

Examples

"[Heinrich von Kleist] sets his novella in the 14th century, when duelling was seen as a trial by battle in which the 'Judgment of God' would prevail. A murder, a wronged noblewoman, shame, calumny, castles, a melodramatic ending, Kleist's story pulls together all the key elements of the genre." — Dan Glaister, The Guardian (London), 12 May 2021

“(海因裡希·馮·克萊斯特)把他的中篇小說設定在14世紀，當時決鬥被視為一場‘上帝的審判’獲勝的戰争審判。”兇手，被冤屈的貴婦，恥辱，诽謗，古堡，戲劇性的結局，Kleist的故事将這一類所有關鍵元素結合在了一起。”

"Almost without exception I find the exchanges on this page to be polite and well-reasoned. However, recently there was a series of letters that made my blood boil. How could so many seemingly reasonable people be so wrongheaded? I am speaking, of course, of the exchange of views on Brussels sprouts. I'm sure many of you were equally taken aback. How could such a wonderful food be the object of such vile calumnies?" — Russ Parsons, The Irish Times, 6 Feb.2021

幾乎無一例外，我覺得此頁面上的交流是很禮貌，也很有道理的。不過，最近有一系列的信讓我熱血沸騰。這麼多看似通情達理的人怎麼會如此錯誤？我要說的是， ”當然是關于球子甘藍的。我相信你們中的許多人也同樣吃了一驚。如此美味的食物怎麼會成為诽謗扭曲的對象？

Did You Know?

Calumny made an appearance in these famous words from William Shakespeare's Hamlet: "If thou dost marry, I'll give thee this plague for thy dowry: be thou chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not escape calumny. Get thee to a nunnery, go." The word had been in the English language for a while, though, before Hamlet uttered it. It first entered English in the 15th century and comes from the Middle French word calomnie of the same meaning. Calomnie, in turn, derives from the Latin word calumnia, (meaning "false accusation," "false claim," or "trickery"), which itself traces to the Latin verb calvi, meaning "to deceive."

Calumny 出現在威廉·莎士比亞的哈姆雷特的這些名言中：“If thou dost marry, I'll give thee this plague for thy dowry: be thou chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not escape calumny. Get thee to a nunnery, go.「如果你結婚了，我就把這場瘟疫作為你的嫁妝，即使你像冰雪一樣純潔，你也逃脫不掉诽謗。去女修道院，快去」” 不過，在哈姆雷特說出來之前，這個詞已經出現在英語一段時間了。 它在 15 世紀首次進入英語，來自中古法語單詞calomnie，意思相同。 而 Calomnie 則源自拉丁語 calumnia（意思是“false accusation「虛假指控」”、“false claim「虛假聲明」”或“trickery「詭計」”），它本身可以追溯到拉丁語動詞 calvi，意思是“to deceive「欺騙」”。

Name That Synonym

Unscramble the letters to create a synonym of calumny: DRLASNE.

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