一由引導詞引導[心]。

引導詞分that，特殊疑問句( Wh~), if/whether.

1 [微風]that引導陳述意義的賓語從句。(that隻是引導詞，沒詞義，不充當任何句法成分)。

如 He told me that he was coming by train.他告訴我，他坐火車來了。

2[微風]特殊疑問詞: 引導特殊疑問意義的賓語從句wh~詞。

what, who,whom,which；

whose,which,what,how many ＋名詞；

how(old,long,often,far, soon)。

why, when/what time,where.

特殊疑問詞既有詞義,又在賓語從句充當句法成分。

3[微風]whether/if引導一般疑問意義的賓語從句。whether還可以引導選擇疑問意義的賓語從句。

He asked me if/whether I had read the book.

He asked me whether I liked art or sports.

二 賓語從句采取陳述句語序[心]:

He asked me what I was doing.

三賓語從句的時态呼應問題[心]:

1[微風]主句謂語動詞為過去時(一般過去，過去進行，過去完成)，賓語從句的動詞時态要向後推移一個時态，把第一動詞變成過去式；已經是過去式變成had done.

2[微風]下列情況不需要時态呼應。

(1)賓語從句表客觀事實，普遍真理，一般現在時不變。

如 The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.

(2)從句中有具體的過去時間店。一般過去時不變。

如 He told me that he left school in 1998。

(3)賓語從句中有過去時态的時間狀語從句。

如He told me that he was watering the garden when it began to rain.

(4) were/was born 不變。

(5)賓語從句中的情态助詞

沒有過去式或已經是過去式。

should, would, could,had better.

[微風]must的過去式用had to 替代。

如 He told us that we should work hard.

He told us that we had better get here on time.

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