SPSS統計分析(八)探索性分析
SPSS Statistical Analysis (8) Exploratory Analysis
探索分析是一種在對資料的性質、分布特點等完全不清楚的情況下,對變量進行更深入研究的描述性統計方法。
Exploratory analysis is a descriptive statistical method that conducts more in-depth research on variables when the nature and distribution characteristics of the data are completely unclear.
探索性分析提供了很多關于數據的概括分析和圖标直觀描述的方法,不僅對個案數據有效,而且可以針對分組個案。在輸出常用描述性統計量的基礎之上,探索性分析增加了有關數據詳細分布特征的文字和圖形描述,如莖葉圖、箱圖等,更加詳細、完整,還可以提供正态分布檢驗和方差齊性檢驗,有助于用戶制定進一步分析的方案。
Exploratory analysis provides many methods for generalized analysis and graphical representation of data, not only for case data, but also for grouped cases. On the basis of outputting common descriptive statistics, exploratory analysis adds text and graphic descriptions about the detailed distribution characteristics of the data, such as stem-and-leaf plots, box plots, etc., which are more detailed and complete, and can also provide normal distribution test and The homogeneity of variance test helps users formulate plans for further analysis.
探索分析:
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(1) 菜單選擇:“分析->描述統計->探索”,打開“探索”對話框,如圖所示進行設置。
(1) Menu selection: "Analyze->Descriptive Statistics->Explore", open the "Explore" dialog box, and set as shown in the figure.
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(2) “統計”選擇:确定探索性分析結果中将要輸出的統計量。
(2) "Statistics" selection: determine the statistics to be output in the exploratory analysis results.
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(3) “圖…”選擇:用于确定探索性分析輸出的統計圖形。
(3) "Plot..." selection: Statistical graphics used to determine the output of the exploratory analysis.
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(4) “選項”選擇:用于确定分析過程中對缺失值的處理方式。
"Option" selection: It is used to determine how to deal with missing values in the analysis process.
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(5) 運行結果及分析:
(5) Operation results and analysis:
1. 個案數據摘要
Case Data Summary
2. 描述性統計量表
Descriptive Statistics Tables
3. M均值估計表
M-Means Estimation Table
4. 正态性檢驗表
Normality test table
5. 箱圖
Boxplots
6. 标準Q-Q圖
Standard Q-Q Chart
參考資料:百度百科,《SPSS 23統計分析實用教程》
翻譯:谷歌翻譯
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