用 numpy ndarray 作為數據傳入 ply
1.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(1000)
y = np.random.standard_normal(10)
print "y = %s"% y
x = range(len(y))
print "x=%s"% x
plt.plot(y)
plt.show()
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(1000)
y = np.random.standard_normal(10)
plt.plot(y.cumsum())
plt.grid(True) ##增加格點
plt.axis('tight') # 坐标軸适應數據量 axis 設置坐标軸
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(1000)
y = np.random.standard_normal(20)
plt.plot(y.cumsum())
plt.grid(True) ##增加格點
plt.xlim(-1,20)
plt.ylim(np.min(y.cumsum())- 1, np.max(y.cumsum()) 1)
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(1000)
y = np.random.standard_normal(20)
plt.figure(figsize=(7,4)) #畫布大小
plt.plot(y.cumsum(),'b',lw = 1.5) # 藍色的線
plt.plot(y.cumsum(),'ro') #離散的點
plt.grid(True)
plt.axis('tight')
plt.xlabel('index')
plt.ylabel('value')
plt.title('A simple Plot')
plt.show()
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((10, 2)).cumsum(axis=0) #10行2列 在這個數組上調用cumsum 計算赝本數據在0軸(即第一維)上的總和
print y
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((10, 2))
plt.figure(figsize=(7,5))
plt.plot(y, lw = 1.5)
plt.plot(y, 'ro')
plt.grid(True)
plt.axis('tight')
plt.xlabel('index')
plt.ylabel('value')
plt.title('A simple plot')
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((10, 2))
plt.figure(figsize=(7,5))
plt.plot(y[:,0], lw = 1.5,label = '1st')
plt.plot(y[:,1], lw = 1.5, label = '2st')
plt.plot(y, 'ro')
plt.grid(True)
plt.legend(loc = 0) #圖例位置自動
plt.axis('tight')
plt.xlabel('index')
plt.ylabel('value')
plt.title('A simple plot')
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((10, 2))
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots() # 關鍵代碼1 plt first data set using first (left) axis
plt.plot(y[:,0], lw = 1.5,label = '1st')
plt.plot(y[:,0], 'ro')
plt.grid(True)
plt.legend(loc = 0) #圖例位置自動
plt.axis('tight')
plt.xlabel('index')
plt.ylabel('value')
plt.title('A simple plot')
ax2 = ax1.twinx() #關鍵代碼2 plt second data set using second(right) axis
plt.plot(y[:,1],'g', lw = 1.5, label = '2nd')
plt.plot(y[:,1], 'ro')
plt.legend(loc = 0)
plt.ylabel('value 2nd')
plt.show()
通過使用 plt.subplots 函數,可以直接訪問底層繪圖對象,例如可以用它生成和第一個子圖共享 x 軸的第二個子圖.
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((10, 2))
plt.figure(figsize=(7,5))
plt.subplot(211) #兩行一列,第一個圖
plt.plot(y[:,0], lw = 1.5,label = '1st')
plt.plot(y[:,0], 'ro')
plt.grid(True)
plt.legend(loc = 0) #圖例位置自動
plt.axis('tight')
plt.ylabel('value')
plt.title('A simple plot')
plt.subplot(212) #兩行一列.第二個圖
plt.plot(y[:,1],'g', lw = 1.5, label = '2nd')
plt.plot(y[:,1], 'ro')
plt.grid(True)
plt.legend(loc = 0)
plt.xlabel('index')
plt.ylabel('value 2nd')
plt.axis('tight')
plt.show()
有時候,選擇兩個不同的圖标類型來可視化數據可能是必要的或者是理想的.利用子圖方法:
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((10, 2))
plt.figure(figsize=(10,5))
plt.subplot(121) #兩行一列,第一個圖
plt.plot(y[:,0], lw = 1.5,label = '1st')
plt.plot(y[:,0], 'ro')
plt.grid(True)
plt.legend(loc = 0) #圖例位置自動
plt.axis('tight')
plt.xlabel('index')
plt.ylabel('value')
plt.title('1st Data Set')
plt.subplot(122)
plt.bar(np.arange(len(y)), y[:,1],width=0.5, color='g',label = '2nc')
plt.grid(True)
plt.legend(loc=0)
plt.axis('tight')
plt.xlabel('index')
plt.title('2nd Data Set')
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((1000, 2))
plt.figure(figsize=(7,5))
plt.scatter(y[:,0],y[:,1],marker='o')
plt.grid(True)
plt.xlabel('1st')
plt.ylabel('2nd')
plt.title('Scatter Plot')
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((1000, 2))
plt.figure(figsize=(7,5))
plt.hist(y,label=['1st','2nd'],bins=25)
plt.grid(True)
plt.xlabel('value')
plt.ylabel('frequency')
plt.title('Histogram')
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((1000, 2))
plt.figure(figsize=(7,5))
plt.hist(y,label=['1st','2nd'],color=['b','g'],stacked=True,bins=20)
plt.grid(True)
plt.xlabel('value')
plt.ylabel('frequency')
plt.title('Histogram')
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(2000)
y = np.random.standard_normal((1000, 2))
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(7,4))
plt.boxplot(y)
plt.grid(True)
plt.setp(ax,xticklabels=['1st' , '2nd'])
plt.xlabel('value')
plt.ylabel('frequency')
plt.title('Histogram')
plt.show()
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#1. 定義積分函數
def func(x):
return 0.5 * np.exp(x) 1
#2.定義積分區間
a,b = 0.5, 1.5
x = np.linspace(0, 2 )
y = func(x)
#3.繪制函數圖形
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(7,5))
plt.plot(x,y, 'b',linewidth=2)
plt.ylim(ymin=0)
#4.核心， 我們使用Polygon函數生成陰影部分，表示積分面積：
Ix = np.linspace(a,b)
Iy = func(Ix)
verts = [(a,0)] list(zip(Ix, Iy)) [(b,0)]
poly = Polygon(verts,facecolor='0.7',edgecolor = '0.5')
ax.add_patch(poly)
#5.用plt.text和plt.figtext在圖表上添加數學公式和一些坐标軸标簽。
plt.text(0.5 *(a b),1,r"$\int_a^b f(x)\mathrm{d}x$", horizontalalignment ='center',fontsize=20)
plt.figtext(0.9, 0.075,'$x$')
plt.figtext(0.075, 0.9, '$f(x)$')
#6. 分别設置x,y刻度标簽的位置。
ax.set_xticks((a,b))
ax.set_xticklabels(('$a$','$b$'))
ax.set_yticks([func(a),func(b)])
ax.set_yticklabels(('$f(a)$','$f(b)$'))
plt.grid(True)
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.finance as mpf
start = (2014, 5,1)
end = (2014, 7,1)
quotes = mpf.quotes_historical_yahoo('^GDAXI',start,end)
# print quotes[:2]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8,5))
fig.subplots_adjust(bottom = 0.2)
mpf.candlestick(ax, quotes, width=0.6, colorup='b',colordown='r')
plt.grid(True)
ax.xaxis_date() #x軸上的日期
ax.autoscale_view()
plt.setp(plt.gca().get_xticklabels(),rotation=30) #日期傾斜
plt.show()
該函數提供了一個相當類似的圖标類型,使用方法和 candlestick 函數相同,使用類似的參數. 這裡開盤價和收盤價不是由彩色矩形表示,而是由兩條短水平線表示.
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.finance as mpf
start = (2014, 5,1)
end = (2014, 7,1)
quotes = mpf.quotes_historical_yahoo('^GDAXI',start,end)
# print quotes[:2]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8,5))
fig.subplots_adjust(bottom = 0.2)
mpf.plot_day_summary(ax, quotes, colorup='b',colordown='r')
plt.grid(True)
ax.xaxis_date() #x軸上的日期
ax.autoscale_view()
plt.setp(plt.gca().get_xticklabels(),rotation=30) #日期傾斜
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.finance as mpf
start = (2014, 5,1)
end = (2014, 7,1)
quotes = mpf.quotes_historical_yahoo('^GDAXI',start,end)
# print quotes[:2]
quotes = np.array(quotes)
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, sharex=True, figsize=(8,6))
mpf.candlestick(ax1, quotes, width=0.6,colorup='b',colordown='r')
ax1.set_title('Yahoo Inc.')
ax1.set_ylabel('index level')
ax1.grid(True)
ax1.xaxis_date()
plt.bar(quotes[:,0] - 0.25, quotes[:, 5], width=0.5)
ax2.set_ylabel('volume')
ax2.grid(True)
ax2.autoscale_view()
plt.setp(plt.gca().get_xticklabels(),rotation=30)
plt.show()
#!/etc/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
stike = np.linspace(50, 150, 24)
ttm = np.linspace(0.5, 2.5, 24)
stike, ttm = np.meshgrid(stike, ttm)
print stike[:2]
iv = (stike - 100) ** 2 / (100 * stike) /ttm
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9,6))
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
surf = ax.plot_surface(stike, ttm, iv, rstride=2, cstride=2, cmap=plt.cm.coolwarm, linewidth=0.5, antialiased=True)
ax.set_xlabel('strike')
ax.set_ylabel('time-to-maturity')
ax.set_zlabel('implied volatility')
plt.show()
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