名詞作補足語與同位語的區别?動名詞作表語定語及賓語補足語,我來為大家科普一下關于名詞作補足語與同位語的區别?以下内容希望對你有幫助!
動名詞作表語定語及賓語補足語
動名詞作表語定語及賓語補
3、作表語
動名詞作表語時句子主語常是表示無生命的事物的名詞或
what
引導的名詞性從句。
表語動名
詞與主語通常是對等的關系,表示主語的内容,主語、表語可互換位置。
Your
task
is
cleaning
the
windows.
你的任務就是擦窗戶。
(Cleaning
the
windows
is
your
task.)
What I hate most is being laughed at.
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
(Being laughed at
is what I hate most.)
4
、作定語
動名詞作定語往往表示被修飾詞的某種用途。如:
a walking stick
=
a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing
a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading
a measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring
sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping
賓語補足語
:
某些及物動詞的賓語後面還需要有一個補足語,意思才完整,賓語和它的補足語構成複合
賓語。而複合賓語的第一部分通常由名詞或代詞充當,第二部分表示第一部分的名詞或代詞
發出的動作或身份、特征等,稱為賓語補足語。
I'm going to paint it pink.
句子中的
it
顯然是賓語。但是主語将要做的并不是
it
,而是
paint it pink
。
pink
是句
子中的賓語補足語。它和賓語之間是邏輯上的主謂關系,也就是說從邏輯上來講,是執行了
paint
的動作。
句子中的
pink
是形容詞做賓語補足語。
能夠充當賓補的還有賓語補足語的大緻有:
不定式,
現在分詞,過去分詞,形容詞,副詞,介賓短語等。一般情況下,賓補通常緊跟在賓語之後。
賓語從句就是在複合句中作賓語的名詞性從句,通常放在主句謂語動詞(及物動詞)或介詞
之後。
1.
作動詞的賓語
(1)
由
that
引導的賓語從句(
that
通常可以省略)
,
例如:
I heard that be joined the army.
(2)
由
what, whether (if)
引導的賓語從句,例如:
1) She did not know what had happened.
2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
(3)
動詞+間接賓語+賓語從句。例如:
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
2.
作介詞的賓語
例如:
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
3.
作形容詞的賓語
例如:
I am afraid (that) I
’
ve made a mistake.
That
引導的從句常跟在下列形容詞後作賓語:
Anxious,
aware,
certain,
confident,
convinced,
determined,
glad,
proud,
surprised,
worried,
sorry,
thankful,
ashamed,
disappointed,
annoyed,
pleased,
hurt,
satisfied,
content
等。也可以将此類詞後的
that
從句的看作原因狀語從句。
4. It
可以作為形式賓語
It
不僅可以作為形式主語,
還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語
that
從句則放在句尾,
特别
是在帶複合賓語的句子中。
例如:
We heard it that she would get married next month..
5.
後邊不能直接跟
that
從句的動詞
這類動詞有
Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate,
dislike, love, help, take, forgive
等。這類詞後可以用不定式或動名詞作賓語,但不可
以用
that
引導的賓語從句。例如:
I admire their winning the match. (right)
I admire that they won the match. (wrong)
6.
不可用
that
從句作直接賓語的動詞
有些動詞不可用于“動詞+間接賓語+
that
從句“結構中,常見的有
Envy,
order,
accuse,
refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate
等。例如:
He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)
7.
否定的轉移
若主句謂語動詞為
Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine
等,其後的賓語從句若含有否定意義,一般要把否定詞轉移到主句謂語上,從句謂語用肯定
式。例如:
I don
’
t think this dress fits you well.
(我認為這件衣服不适合你穿。
)
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