英語中的五種副詞

副詞是八大詞類之一，用來修飾動詞。它們可以描述如何、何時、何地以及做某件事的頻率。下面是五種副詞的用法指南。

方式副詞提供某人如何做某事的信息。方式副詞最常與行為動詞連用。态度副詞包括: slowly, fast, carefully, carelessly, effortlessly, urgently等。方式副詞可以放在句末，也可以直接放在動詞的前面或後面。

Examples

• Jack drives very carefully.
• He won the tennis match effortlessly.
• She slowly opened the present.

時間副詞提供某事發生的時間信息。時間副詞可以表示一個特定的時間，如在two days ago、yesterday、three weeks ago等。時間副詞通常放在句末，但有時也放在句首。

Examples

• We'll let you know our decision next week.
• I flew to Dallas three weeks ago.
• Yesterday, I received a letter from my friend in Belfast.

頻率副詞與時間副詞相似，不同之處在于它們表示某事發生的頻率。頻率副詞放在主動動詞之前。它們被放在動詞be後面。下面是最常見的頻率副詞的列表，從最頻繁到最不頻繁:

1. always
2. almost always
3. usually
4. often
5. sometimes
6. occasionally
7. seldom
8. rarely
9. almost never
10. never

Examples

• He seldom takes a vacation.
• Jennifer occasionally goes to the movies.
• Tom is never late for work.

程度副詞提供關于某事完成程度的信息。這些副詞常放在句末。

Examples

• They like playing golf a lot.
• She decided that she doesn't enjoy watching TV at all.
• She nearly flew to Boston, but decided not to go in the end.

地點副詞告訴我們某事發生在哪裡。它們包括諸如 nowhere, anywhere, outside, everywhere等。

Examples

• Tom will go anywhere with his dog.
• You'll find that there is nowhere like home.
• She found the box outside.

副詞通常是在形容詞後面加“-ly”構成的。

• quiet - quietly, careful - carefully, careless - carelessly

以'-le' 結尾的形容詞變成'-ly'.

• possible - possibly, probable - probably, incredible - incredibly

以'-y' 結尾的形容詞變成 '-ily'.

• lucky - luckily, happy - happily, angry - angrily

以'-ic'結尾的形容詞變成'-ically'.

• basic - basically, ironic - ironically, scientific - scientifically

有些形容詞變成副詞不規則

• good - well, hard - hard, fast -fast

Adverbs of Manner: 方式副詞放在動詞或整個表達之後(在句末)。

• Their teacher speaks quickly.

Adverbs of Time: 時間副詞放在動詞或整個表達的後面(在句末)。

She visited her friends last year.

Adverbs of Frequency: 頻率副詞放在主要動詞(而不是助動詞)之前。

He often goes to bed late. Do you sometimes get up early?

Adverbs of Degree: 程度副詞放在動詞或整個表達之後(在句末)。

She'll attend the meeting as well.

Adverbs of place: 地點副詞一般放在句末。

• She walked out of the room to nowhere.

有些副詞放在句首以加強語氣.

• Now you tell me you can't come!

頻率副詞作為句子的主要動詞時，放在動詞“to be”後面。

• Jack is often late for work.

有些頻率副詞(sometimes, usually, normally)也放在句首以強調。

• Sometimes I visit my friends in London.

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