Sentence 91
This trend, which was started by the medical community as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
這一趨勢最初起源于醫學界作為一種對抗心髒病的方法,然而它有一些意想不到的副作用,例如造成超重和心髒病——心髒病正是醫學界努力去對抗的疾病。
語法筆記
本句的主幹是This trend has had some unintended side effects。which引導非限制性定語從句,修飾This trend;破折号後的名詞短語the very thing...fight作同位語,解釋說明heart disease;省略關系代詞的定語從句the medical community was trying to fight修飾thing。
核心詞彙
trend n. 傾向,趨勢
community n. 社區;社會;團體;社團;界
fight n./v. 打仗,打架;争論
搭配 fight against 與……戰鬥,對抗……
fight with 和……作戰
fight for 為……而戰
heart n. 心;心髒;(紙牌中的)紅桃
disease n. 病,疾病
搭配 disease of the eyes 眼疾
unintended adj. 非計劃的;無意的;無心的
side effect (藥物的)副作用;意外的連帶後果
overweight adj. 過重的,超重的
very adv. 很,非常 adj. 恰好的,正好的(very做形容詞時,用來加強語氣)
Sentence 92
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory
named “Drive LAB” in order to
understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
紐卡斯爾大學的智能交通運輸團隊,将一輛電動汽車變成了一個名為“Drive LAB”的移動實驗室,以了解者年長司機面臨的挑戰,以及去發現問題的關鍵點
語法筆記
本句的主幹是The Intelligent Transport team have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory。由and連接的兩個不定式短語作目的狀語;過去分詞短語named “Drive LAB”和faced by older drivers分别作laboratory和challenges的後置定語;where the key stress points are作discover的賓語。
核心詞彙
transport n. 交通運輸系統;運輸 vt. 運輸,傳送
搭配 public transport 公共交通工具派生 transportation n. 交通,運輸
team n. 隊,組
派生 teamwork n. 合作,協同工作
turn v. 旋轉;轉變,轉彎 n. 輪流
搭配 turn up 露面,來到
mobile adj. 活動的,可移動的
搭配 mobile phone (= cell phone) 移動電話,手機
laboratory (=lab) n. 實驗室;化驗室
in order to 目的是……,為了……
challenge n. 挑戰;艱巨任務 vt. 挑戰;對……懷疑(或質疑)
搭配 meet/rise to a challenge 迎接挑戰
key n. 鑰匙;答案;鍵;關鍵(常與to連用)
point v. 指,指向 n. 點;要點,觀點;分數
搭配 point of view 觀點
point to/at 指着,指向
to the point of 到……的程度
派生 pointless adj. 無意義的
Sentence 93
Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats,
Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her
native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.
無論是美容師、酒吧招待、鋼琴演奏者還是戴紫色帽子的人,韋爾蒂筆下的人物都來自她和老朋友們相聚的下午,來自在她士生土長的密西西比州傑克遜街頭的散步,以及公共汽車上無意中聽到的談話。
語法筆記
本句的主幹是Weltys people come from afternoons, from walks, from conversations。句首的Beauticians...people with purple hats作Weltys people的同位語;過去分詞短語spent visiting with old friends作後置定語修飾afternoons;同樣overheard on a bus也是作後置定語修飾conversations。
核心詞彙
beautician n. 美容師(了解)
bartender n. 酒吧服務員,酒保(了解)
piano n. 鋼琴
player n. 選手;表演
purple n. 紫色 adj. 紫的;紫色的
street n. 街,街道
native adj. 本土的,本國的
搭配 native language 母語
overhear v. 偶然聽到;無意中聽到
Sentence 94
The teams data only went up to 2017, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.
研究小組的數據隻到2017年,但研究人員還探讨了如果消費者用具有一種以上功能的新電子産品取代舊産品會發生什麼情況,比如可進行文字處理和看電視的平闆電腦。
語法筆記
本句是由but連接的并列句。前一分句的主幹是The data went up to 2017,後一分句的主幹是the researchers explored...。what引導賓語從句what would happen...TV viewing,作explored的賓語;賓語從句中包含一個if引導的條件狀語從句,該狀語從句中又包含一個that引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞electronics;such as舉例說明new electronics。
核心詞彙
data n. 資料,數據
explore v. 探險:探索
派生 explorer n. 探險者,探險家
consumer n. 消費者
replace vt. 取代,代替;把……放回原處
搭配 replace A with B 用B代替A
product n. 産品,産物
electronic adj. 電子的
搭配 electronic scanner 電子掃描儀
派生 electronically adv. 用電子方法,用電子裝置
serve v. 上菜;服務,招待;服役
搭配 serve as 作為;充當,擔任
派生 servant n. 仆人
word n. 單詞;言語;消息,音訊
搭配 in a word 總之
in other words 換言之
keep ones word 遵守諾言
have words with sh. 與某人争吵
have a word with sb. 與某人談話
processing n. 加工
Sentence 95
This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year,
according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College admissions service (UCAS).
根據大學入學服務(UCAS)提供的大學入學統計數據,今年有25310名接受高等教育機構錄取的學生推遲到明年入學。
語法筆記
本句的主幹是25,310 students have put off their entry。who在句中引導定語從句,修飾先行詞students;過去分詞短語provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS)表被動,作後置定語修飾statistics on university entrance。
核心詞彙
accept v. 接受
派生 acceptable adj. 可接受的
acceptance n. 接受
place n. 位置,地點;入學名額,求學機會,進修機會
higher education 高等教育
put off 推遲
entry n. 進入;入口
according to 根據,按照
statistics n. 統計表;數字,數據
provide v. 提供
搭配 provide sb. with sth. (= provide sth. for sb.) 為某人提供某物
派生 provision n. 提供,供給,供應品
admission n. 準許進入(或加入);承認
service n. 服務;服務機構;公共設施
Sentence 96
Science cant explain the power of
pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise
chances of recovering from a heart
attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.
科學無法解釋寵物的力量,但許多研究表明,寵物的陪伴可以幫助人們降低血壓,增加心髒病康複的機會,減少孤獨感,并傳播全面的快樂。
語法筆記
本句是but連接的并列句,but表示轉折。前一分句的主幹是Science cant explain the power of pets,後一分句的主幹是many studies have shown that...。that引導的是賓語從句,從句中動詞can help lower、raise、reduce和spread為并列謂語。
核心詞彙
power n. 力量;動力;能力,權力;電力
搭配 come to power 掌權
power station 發電站
派生 powerless adj. 無影響力的,無權的;無能為力
pet n. 寵物
blood n. 血,血液
chance n. 機會,可能性
搭配 by chance 偶然,湊巧
by any chance (尤用于問句,詢問是否真實、可能等)或許,可能
recover vi. 痊愈 vt. 恢複;重新獲得
搭配 recover from 從……中恢複
recover consciousness 恢複知覺
派生 recovery n. 恢複;痊愈
attack vt. 攻擊,襲擊
loneliness n. 孤獨,孤苦伶仃
spread n./v. 延伸,展開;傳播
搭配 spread out 展開
all-round adj. 全面的,多方面的;全能的,多才多藝的
搭配 all-round electric dictionary 功能齊全的電子詞典
good adj. 好的;令人滿意的,有益的
Sentence 97
Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.
數據顯示,與不經常閱讀的孩子和青少年相比,經常閱讀的孩子和青少年的家裡有更多的書,為他們買的書更多,而且他們的父母讀書的頻率更高,并且會留出時間讓他們讀書。
語法筆記
本句的主幹是Data shows that...。that引導賓語從句,其主幹是kids and teens have more books, more books, parents, and parents;句中have後接了四個并列的賓語,其中兩個parents後各接一個who引導的定語從句;過去分詞短語compared to infrequent readers作狀語,表比較。
核心詞彙
compare vt. 比較,對照
搭配 compared with/to 和……比較起來
compare...to... 把……比作/比喻成……
compare...with... 把……與……相比較
派生 comparable adj. 可比較的,比得上的
infrequent adj. 不常發生的,罕見的
home n. 家;本國;産地 adv. 到家;回家;在家
purchase v. 購買,采購 n. 采購;購買的東西
often adv. 經常地
aside adv. 到旁邊,在旁邊
Sentence 98
Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words bring back to us the happy and sad events
of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.
對我們而言,語言因經曆而充滿意義;我們活得越久,某些詞語就越能讓我們回憶起過去的快樂和悲傷;我們讀書越多,學得越多,對我們有意義的詞語數量就越多。
語法筆記
本句由兩個分号連接了三個并列的分句。第一個分句的主幹是Words become filled with meaning,第二個分句使用了比較句型“the longer..., the more...”,第三個分句使用了比較句型“the more..., the more...”。在第三個分句中,定語從句that mean something to us修飾先行詞words。
核心詞彙
fill v. 裝滿;充滿
搭配 fill in 填充,填寫
be filled with 充滿……
meaning n. 意思,含義
certain adj. 某些,确定的,無疑的,肯定的
be certain to do sth. 肯定會做某事
派生 certainly adv. 無疑,确定,肯定;當然,行
event n. 事件,大事;競賽
搭配 sports event 體育賽事
the number of... 的數量
Sentence 98
Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words bring back to us the happy and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.
對我們而言,語言因經曆而充滿意義;我們活得越久,某些詞語就越能讓我們回憶起過去的快樂和悲傷;我們讀書越多,學得越多,對我們有意義的詞語數量就越多。
語法筆記
本句由兩個分号連接了三個并列的分句。第一個分句的主幹是Words become filled with meaning,第二個分句使用了比較句型“the longer..., the more...”,第三個分句使用了比較句型“the more..., the more...”。在第三個分句中,定語從句that mean something to us修飾先行詞words。
核心詞彙
fill v. 裝滿;充滿
搭配 fill in 填充,填寫
be filled with 充滿……
meaning n. 意思,含義
certain adj. 某些,确定的,無疑的,肯定的
be certain to do sth. 肯定會做某事
派生 certainly adv. 無疑,确定,肯定;當然,行
event n. 事件,大事;競賽
搭配 sports event 體育賽事
the number of... 的數量
語法筆記
本句的主幹是It was calculated that...。It在此處作形式主語,真正的主語是that引導的主語從句that when...in the world;該主語從句的主幹是there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons;when引導時間狀語從句;a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States作more than 3 billion passenger pigeons的同位語,對其作進一步的解釋說明;句末的現在分詞短語making it...作結果狀語。
核心詞彙
calculate v. 計算,核算
搭配 It is calculated that... 據估算
calculator n. 計算機,計算器
passenger n. 乘客,旅客
pigeon n. 鴿子
total adj. 總數的;總括的;完全的 n. 合計 vt. 合計為
派生 totally adv. 總合地,完全地
perhaps adv. 可能,或許
abundant adj. 豐富的,充裕的
派生 abundance n. 豐富,充裕
world n. 世界
Sentence 99
It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons-a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total
bird population in the United states,
making it perhaps the most abundant
bird in the world.
據統計,當它的數量達到最高點時,有30多億隻旅鴿——這個數字相當于美國鳥類總數的24%至40%,使其可能成為世界上數量最多的鳥類。
語法筆記
本句的主幹是It was calculated that...。It在此處作形式主語,真正的主語是that引導的主語從句that when...in the world;該主語從句的主幹是there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons;when引導時間狀語從句;a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States作more than 3 billion passenger pigeons的同位語,對其作進一步的解釋說明;句末的現在分詞短語making it...作結果狀語。
核心詞彙
calculate v. 計算,核算
搭配 It is calculated that... 據估算
calculator n. 計算機,計算器
passenger n. 乘客,旅客
pigeon n. 鴿子
total adj. 總數的;總括的;完全的 n. 合計 vt. 合計為
派生 totally adv. 總合地,完全地
perhaps adv. 可能,或許
abundant adj. 豐富的,充裕的
派生 abundance n. 豐富,充裕
world n. 世界
Sentence 100
While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.
當外國著名建築師們受邀來指導中國地标性建築的設計時,如新央視大樓和國家大劇院,許多優秀的中國建築師都在努力成為焦點。
語法筆記
本句的主幹是Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage。句首的While引導時間狀語從句,該時間狀語從句使用了被動語态;因從句使用了現在時,所以主句使用了現在進行時,表示和從句的動作同時發生。
核心詞彙
famous adj. 著名的,出名的
infamous adj. 聲名狼藉的,臭名遠揚的
architect n. 建築師;設計師
landmark n. 标志性建築
tower n. 塔
national adj. 國家的,全國性的
center n. 中心,中央;圓心
the performing arts 表演藝術
excellent adj. 極好的,優秀的
搭配 excellent English 極好的英文
excellent students 優秀學生
派生 excellence n. 優秀,傑出,卓越
excellently adv. 優秀地,極好地
effort n. 努力;艱難的嘗試
make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
individual/personal efforts 個人的努力
派生 effortlessly adv. 容易地
stage n. 舞台,階段
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